A pitot tube or probe, is a device used to measure the velocity of a flowing fluid.
How it Works
The basic pitot tube consists of a tube inserted into a pipe and pointing directly into the fluid flow. In the tube the moving fluid is brought to rest (stagnates) as there is no outlet to allow flow to continue, and its stagnation pressure can be measured.
The pressure of the fluid flowing around the outside of the pitot tube can also be measured and is known as the static pressure.
The difference between the stagnation pressure and the static pressure can be used to determine the velocity of the fluid flowing inside the main pipe.
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Differential pressure meters work on the principle of calculating a flow rate based on the change in pressure between two measured points.